FlytrapCare Carnivorous Plant Forums

Get some Bioadvanced 3 in 1, it's a insecticide, miticide, and fungicide. It's one of the more mild ones, and works well on aphids and fungus/mold, but not so well on mites. Sometimes you can find a ready to use spray online, but usually you would have to get the concentrated stuff and dilute it down in a spray bottle.
Once you get some, hit everything with a light spray twice in the first week, then once a week after that for a few weeks, making sure you get under the leaves too. It has a slight systemic property that should hopefully take care of the aphids you miss.
That should also at least keep the mold in check, but I don't know if it will knock that stuff out, it's pretty extensive. You may have to break even with it until you can repot into fresh media.
The past pic is algae, not mold. You'll want to not keep that one as wet, even letting the top dry out. Some people also put a thin layer of sand on top to block the algae from forming or growing. But with seedlings that small, you'd have to pay special attention to not cover them as well. Maybe do your best to scrape excess algae off, then keep it less wet, and try topping with sand.
Most plants won't have a problem with the spray, but sundews seem to not like insecticides. They'll decline a bit and look ratty, but it shouldn't kill them unless they're very tiny and/or weak already, and they should recover once the growing season resumes.
Good luck, you have a battle ahead.